Who Are the Spencer Family That Were African American in Tutwiler Mississippi in 1939
| Tutwiler, Mississippi | |
|---|---|
| Town | |
 | |
 Location of Tutwiler, Mississippi | |
| Tutwiler, Mississippi Location in the United states of america | |
| Coordinates: 34°0′53″N 90°25′54″Due west / 34.01472°N 90.43167°W / 34.01472; -90.43167 Coordinates: 34°0′53″Due north 90°25′54″W / 34.01472°N 90.43167°W / 34.01472; -ninety.43167 | |
| Land | United States |
| State | Mississippi |
| County | Tallahatchie |
| Surface area [ane] | |
| • Total | 2.77 sq mi (7.17 km2) |
| • Country | 2.77 sq mi (7.17 km2) |
| • Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 kmtwo) |
| Meridian | 154 ft (47 m) |
| Population (2010) | |
| • Full | 3,550 |
| • Judge (2019)[2] | 3,416 |
| • Density | ane,233.66/sq mi (476.36/kmii) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Cardinal (CST)) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP code | 38963 |
| Area code(s) | 662 |
| FIPS code | 28-75040 |
| GNIS feature ID | 0678994 |
| Website | tutwilerms |
Tutwiler is a town in Tallahatchie County, Mississippi, Usa. The population at the 2010 census was 3,550.
History [edit]
In 1899, Tom Tutwiler, a civil engineer for a local railroad, fabricated his headquarters 7 miles northwest of Sumner. The town of Tutwiler was founded and named for him. When the railroad was built, the first depot erected was a two-story edifice. The railroad gave the town use of the top floor as a public schoolhouse. Captain H.B. Fitch built and operated the showtime shop in boondocks. His wife took accuse of the school, which began with five pupils.[ commendation needed ]
In 1900, a Blackness mob murdered a Black man remembered equally "Dago Pete." He was suspected of attacking local women.[iii]
In 1905, the boondocks was incorporated, and W.E. Fite elected Mayor. J.O. Clay was the station depot amanuensis. In 1900, the Illinois Central Railroad, running from Yazoo Metropolis to Lambert, crossed at Tutwiler, where the company built a railroad g.
In 1928, a high school was congenital at a toll of $xl,000. The town grew apace until 1929 when the railroad yard was moved to Clarksdale. At that time businesses and finally the population began to decline. The population in 1929 before the railroad yard was moved was one,010 people.
Like many other towns in the Mississippi Delta, Tutwiler stakes a claim to being the "birthplace of the blues". This is the site where W. C. Handy reportedly "discovered" the dejection in 1903, on a train platform in the town. Handy had heard something alike to the blues as early as 1892, simply it was while waiting for an overdue railroad train to Memphis that he heard an itinerant bluesman (legend says information technology was a local field hand named Henry Sloan). The man was playing slide guitar and singing about "goin' where the Southern cross the Dog", referring to the junction of the Southern Railway and Yazoo and Mississippi Valley Railroad farther s. (The Y&D railroad was locally called the "Yellow Dog"). Handy chosen it "the weirdest music I had always heard". A Mississippi Blues Trail mark honoring Handy was erected at the site on November 25, 2009. The historic marker was paid for by Robert Plant and Robert attended the dedication and gave a speech nearly the Blues and how he was influenced by Sonny Boy. Robert Plant said "The first record my mom bought me was past Sonny Boy, I played it until in that location were no more groves on the record". Sonny Male child'southward resting place is only at the edge of the Tutwiler Urban center limits. Robert and Jimmy Folio visit Tutwiler often, it is a wonderful place to connect to the music that changed my life and musical direction, a magic place.[four] Tutwiler was also the childhood dwelling of bluesmen John Lee Hooker and Frank Stokes.
Handy and his family lived in that location for six years. In 1903, while waiting for a train in Tutwiler, in the Mississippi Delta, Handy had the following experience:
A lean loose-jointed Negro had commenced plunking a guitar beside me while I slept ... As he played, he pressed a knife on the strings of the guitar in a way popularized by Hawaiian guitarists who used steel confined. ... The singer repeated the line 3 times, accompanying himself on the guitar with the weirdest music I had ever heard.[5] [six]
Emmett Till Memorial Highway, US 49E, Tutwiler, Mississippi, 2019
Geography [edit]
Tutwiler is located at 34°0′53″N 90°25′54″Westward / 34.01472°N 90.43167°W / 34.01472; -90.43167 (34.014797, -90.431642).[7]
According to the Usa Demography Bureau, the boondocks has a total area of one.3 foursquare miles (3.4 km2), all land. Tutwiler is 70 miles (110 km) due south of Memphis, Tennessee.[8]
Demographics [edit]
| Historical population | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1900 | 142 | — | |
| 1910 | 410 | 188.7% | |
| 1920 | 1,010 | 146.3% | |
| 1930 | 873 | −13.6% | |
| 1940 | 665 | −23.8% | |
| 1950 | 939 | 41.2% | |
| 1960 | 912 | −2.9% | |
| 1970 | 1,103 | 20.9% | |
| 1980 | 1,174 | 6.4% | |
| 1990 | i,391 | eighteen.5% | |
| 2000 | 1,364 | −1.ix% | |
| 2010 | 3,550 | 160.iii% | |
| 2019 (est.) | three,416 | [2] | −3.8% |
| U.Due south. Decennial Census[nine] | |||
2020 census [edit]
| Race | Num. | Perc. |
|---|---|---|
| White | 527 | 21.28% |
| Black or African American | i,583 | 63.93% |
| Native American | i | 0.04% |
| Other/Mixed | 9 | 0.36% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 356 | 14.38% |
As of the 2020 United States Census, at that place were 2,476 people, 323 households, and 206 families residing in the boondocks.
2000 census [edit]
As of the census[11] of 2000, there were 1,364 people, 410 households, and 316 families residing in the town. The population density was 1,020.vi people per foursquare mile (393.0/kmii). There were 429 housing units at an average density of 321.0 per square mile (123.6/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 11.80% White, 87.32% African American, 0.29% Native American, 0.37% Asian, and 0.22% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.44% of the population.
In that location were 410 households, out of which 35.ix% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 34.four% were married couples living together, 34.4% had a female householder with no hubby present, and 22.vii% were not-families. 20.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.0% had someone living lone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was iii.33 and the average family unit size was iii.82.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 33.half dozen% under the historic period of 18, eleven.7% from eighteen to 24, 26.1% from 25 to 44, 16.3% from 45 to 64, and 12.two% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females, there were 80.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, at that place were 76.3 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $eighteen,958, and the median income for a family was $22,857. Males had a median income of $21,364 versus $17,222 for females. The per capita income for the town was $seven,177. About 32.1% of families and 38.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 45.5% of those under age xviii and 31.1% of those historic period 65 or over.
Economic system [edit]
Peter T. Kilborn of The New York Times said in 2001 that, "Except for cotton, there has never been much to Tutwiler's economy."[8] As of 2001, Tutwiler residents work in prisons located throughout the Mississippi Delta, casinos in Tunica Resorts, and poultry and chicken processing plants in the surrounding area.[viii]
The town's sole banking concern and grain lift closed in 2000. As of 2001 Tutwiler did non take whatever vesture stores, drugstores, or restaurants.[8]
Tallahatchie County Correctional Facility, a individual prison operated past the Corrections Corporation of America for the Mississippi Section of Corrections, is located near Tutwiler in an unincorporated area in the canton.[12] [13] Due to the town'due south poor economic status, around 1998 the leaders of Tutwiler decided to agree to structure of a prison house nearby, which would provide hundreds of jobs.
To assistance facilitate the prison house, the Town of Tutwiler synthetic a sewage lagoon and a water belfry. The State of Mississippi and Tallahatchie County paid half of the toll of grooming of the correctional officers at the new prison.[14] Kilborn said that when the $35 1000000 facility opened in 2000 with 351 prisoners, including 322 from Wisconsin, information technology "seemed the conservancy of" Tutwiler.[8] Some area residents quit their jobs and began working equally prison house guards at the facility. After the prison'southward opening, its monthly payroll was $467,000.[14]
In March and April 2001 Wisconsin moved its prisoners out of the prison, leaving about 20 to 125 prisoners per menstruation.[eight] Before this alter, the prison house had 208 employees.[15] The prison house's employees were reduced to 40.[eight] Hundreds of people who had worked at the prison were laid off. As of 2001, the prison house had paid $600,000 to the county in property taxes annually and $5,350 per month to the town for water. By the stop of 2001 the total monthly payroll decreased to $80,000.[xiv]
Kilborn said that past November 2001 the prison house "left the town niggling improve off than it e'er was."[8] In June 2003 the prison received 1,423 inmates from Alabama, and the prison house hired 250 employees during that year to care for them.[16] By 2010 the prison was too incarcerating sentenced prisoners from California.
Government and infrastructure [edit]
Robert Grayson made history in 1993 by being elected as the offset African-American mayor of Tutwiler. He was a one-time corrections officeholder at the Mississippi Country Penitentiary (Parchman) in Sunflower County.[8] Grayson was succeeded in 2009 by Genether Miller Spurlock, a former schoolteacher, and first black woman to exist elected equally mayor. The electric current mayor of Tutwiler is Nichole Harris-Rosebud. The town maintains a police force of nigh ten constabulary officers. The United States Postal service operates the Tutwiler Mail service Office.[17]
Tallahatchie Canton Correctional Facility, a private prison operated by the Corrections Corporation of America on behalf of the Mississippi Department of Corrections, is located in an unincorporated area in Tallahatchie County, virtually Tutwiler.[12] [xiii] As of 2010 the prison house serves as the Tallahatchie Canton'southward jail facility, in addition to housing primarily prison inmates sentenced by California courts.[eighteen]
Teaching [edit]
The Town of Tutwiler is served by the W Tallahatchie School District. Residents are zoned to R.H. Bearden Elementary Schoolhouse near Sumner and Westward Tallahatchie High School most Webb.[19] [xx] Hopson Bayou Elementary School served children in Tutwiler,[21] until information technology closed every bit a zoned school in 1993 and became an alternative school for troubled youth.[22] In 1997 the district airtight the Hopson Bayou campus and moved the alternative school to the former Sumner Simple.[23] Previously Due west District Middle School (at present Bearden School) served as a eye schoolhouse for the area.[21]
As of 2002 some children in Tutwiler attended the North Sunflower Academy, a private schoolhouse, in unincorporated Sunflower County,[24] Others attended private schools Delta Academy in Marks, and Lee Academy in Clarksdale.[ commendation needed ]
Religion [edit]
Tutwiler has a variety of Christian churches, including Baptist, Church building of God In Christ, Protestant, and non-denominational.
Seven Cosmic nuns and their staff operate customs services in the town, mainly at the Tutwiler Community Education Eye, which was established in 1993.[eight] They operate the site of town meetings and voting, direct outreach programs for children and senior citizens, operate a health clinic, and maintain the grave of Sonny Boy Williamson.
In 1983, a nun, Sister Anne Brooks, came to Tutwiler to manage the Tutwiler Clinic after earning a medical caste.[25] Before Brooks came, the clinic withal had racially segregated waiting rooms.[26] Every bit of 2010 the clinic had been operating for 27 years.[25] In November 2010 the nuns opened a gymnasium, funded by donors from outside the expanse. New York Times announcer Peter T. Kilborn wrote that the facility was "worthy of a academy".[fourteen]
Notable residents [edit]
- John Lee Hooker—blues singer; was born in or near Tutwiler.
- Sonny Boy Williamson Two—dejection vocaliser, harmonica histrion; was born in or near Tutwiler.
Run across also [edit]
- Emmett Till
- Origins of the blues
References [edit]
- ^ "2019 U.Due south. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 26, 2020.
- ^ a b "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". U.s. Census Bureau. May 24, 2020. Retrieved May 27, 2020.
- ^ "Lynchings". The Grenada Lookout. 5 January 1901. Retrieved 11 January 2019.
- ^ [1] [ expressionless link ]
- ^ Handy, W. C. (1941). Begetter of the Dejection: An Autobiography. Arna Bontemps, ed. Foreword past Abbe Niles. Da Capo paperback. Page 74. New York: Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-306-80421-2
- ^ "Waiting for the Train at Tutwiler", Triple Threat Blues Band, archived 4 June 2011
- ^ "Usa Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23 .
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Kilborn, Peter T. "Delta Town'south Hopes Are as Scarce as Inmates," The New York Times. November 24, 2001. 1. Retrieved on Oct 15, 2010.
- ^ "Demography of Population and Housing". Demography.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
- ^ "Explore Census Data". information.census.gov . Retrieved 2021-12-07 .
- ^ "U.Due south. Census website". United states Census Agency. Retrieved 2008-01-31 .
- ^ a b "Tutwiler town, Mississippi [ permanent dead link ] ." U.S. Demography Bureau. Retrieved on Oct fifteen, 2010.
- ^ a b "Five Private Prisons Archived 2015-04-25 at the Wayback Auto." Mississippi Department of Corrections. Retrieved on October fifteen, 2010.
- ^ a b c d Kilborn, Peter T. "Delta Town's Hopes Are as Scarce as Inmates," The New York Times. Nov 24, 2001. 2. Retrieved on October 15, 2010.
- ^ "PRIVATELY Endemic PRISON IN TALLAHATCHIE County TEMPORARILY Closing." Sun Herald. February 10, 2001. A1 Local Front end. Retrieved on October fifteen, 2010.
- ^ Harden, Clay. "Inmates from Ala. revive lost Delta jobs", The Clarion Ledger. September 15, 2003. Main A1. Retrieved on Oct xv, 2010.
- ^ "Post Office Location - TUTWILER Archived 2012-08-21 at the Wayback Machine." United States Postal service. Retrieved on Oct xv, 2010.
- ^ "Tallahatchie County Correctional Facility." (Archive of after engagement) Corrections Corporation of America. Retrieved on October 15, 2010.
- ^ "Welcome to R.H. Bearden Unproblematic School Archived 2010-03-10 at the Wayback Machine." West Tallahatchie Schoolhouse Commune. Retrieved on October xv, 2010.
- ^ "West Tally Home Folio Archived 2011-07-nineteen at the Wayback Machine." West Tallahatchie School Commune. Retrieved on October xv, 2010.
- ^ a b Mikell, Ray S. (1988-08-14). "Westward Tallahatchie students face longer classes, new staff". The Greenwood Commonwealth. Greenwood, Mississippi. p. 7A. - Clipping from Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Schools preparing for offset of classes". The Charleston Sun-Sentinel. Vol. seventy, no. 31. Charleston, Mississippi. 1993-08-05. p. A1. - Clipping from Newspapers.com.
- ^ "School bells to ring out start of 1997-98 session". The Charleston Sun-Watch. Vol. 74, no. 31. 1997-07-31. pp. one, 12. - Clipping of page 1 and Clipping of folio 12, Newspapers.com.
- ^ "No elementary solutions to pedagogy, workforce training bug. (Focus Delta & River Cities)," Mississippi Business Journal. May 27, 2002. Retrieved on August 10, 2010.
- ^ a b Levey, Noam M. "The Mississippi Delta'south healthcare dejection", Los Angeles Times, June three, 2010; retrieved October 16, 2010.
- ^ Levey, Noam Thou. "The Mississippi Delta's healthcare blues", Los Angeles Times, June 3, 2010; retrieved on October 16, 2010.
External links [edit]
- Official Website
willasonlonat1943.blogspot.com
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutwiler,_Mississippi
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